FM / git

/usr/share/doc/git

Name	Size	Mode	Actions
contrib/	-	0755	rm
howto/	-	0755	rm
RelNotes/	-	0755	rm
technical/	-	0755	rm
blame-options.txt	6001	0644	edit dl rm
cmds-ancillaryinterrogators.txt	1294	0644	edit dl rm
cmds-ancillarymanipulators.txt	746	0644	edit dl rm
cmds-developerinterfaces.txt	678	0644	edit dl rm
cmds-foreignscminterface.txt	399	0644	edit dl rm
cmds-guide.txt	833	0644	edit dl rm
cmds-mainporcelain.txt	3033	0644	edit dl rm
cmds-plumbinginterrogators.txt	1539	0644	edit dl rm
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cmds-synchelpers.txt	449	0644	edit dl rm
cmds-synchingrepositories.txt	397	0644	edit dl rm
cmds-userinterfaces.txt	507	0644	edit dl rm
CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md	5989	0644	edit dl rm
config.txt	18001	0644	edit dl rm
date-formats.txt	1172	0644	edit dl rm
diff-format.txt	6573	0644	edit dl rm
diff-generate-patch.txt	7253	0644	edit dl rm
diff-options.txt	32436	0644	edit dl rm
docbook-xsl.css	4557	0644	edit dl rm
everyday.html	16996	0644	edit dl rm
fetch-options.txt	12281	0644	edit dl rm
fsck-msgids.txt	4197	0644	edit dl rm
git-add.html	40369	0644	edit dl rm
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git-http-push.html	21391	0644	edit dl rm
git-http-push.txt	2995	0644	edit dl rm
git-imap-send.html	25472	0644	edit dl rm
git-imap-send.txt	3567	0644	edit dl rm
git-index-pack.html	24735	0644	edit dl rm
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git-ls-tree.html	25628	0644	edit dl rm
git-ls-tree.txt	5515	0644	edit dl rm
git-mailinfo.html	23402	0644	edit dl rm
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git-mailsplit.html	19264	0644	edit dl rm
git-mailsplit.txt	1342	0644	edit dl rm
git-maintenance.html	46000	0644	edit dl rm
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git-merge.txt	15068	0644	edit dl rm
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git-name-rev.html	21670	0644	edit dl rm
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git-pack-redundant.html	19799	0644	edit dl rm
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git-prune-packed.html	18539	0644	edit dl rm
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git-pull.html	77070	0644	edit dl rm
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git-push.html	74993	0644	edit dl rm
git-push.txt	28061	0644	edit dl rm
git-quiltimport.html	19466	0644	edit dl rm
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Edit: /usr/share/doc/git/git-update-index.html (49723B)

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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
<head>
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<body class="manpage">
<div id="header">
<h1>
git-update-index(1) Manual Page
</h1>
<h2>NAME</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<p>git-update-index -
   Register file contents in the working tree to the index
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="verseblock">
<pre class="content"><em>git update-index</em>
             [--add] [--remove | --force-remove] [--replace]
             [--refresh] [-q] [--unmerged] [--ignore-missing]
             [(--cacheinfo &lt;mode&gt;,&lt;object&gt;,&lt;file&gt;)&#8230;]
             [--chmod=(+|-)x]
             [--[no-]assume-unchanged]
             [--[no-]skip-worktree]
             [--[no-]ignore-skip-worktree-entries]
             [--[no-]fsmonitor-valid]
             [--ignore-submodules]
             [--[no-]split-index]
             [--[no-|test-|force-]untracked-cache]
             [--[no-]fsmonitor]
             [--really-refresh] [--unresolve] [--again | -g]
             [--info-only] [--index-info]
             [-z] [--stdin] [--index-version &lt;n&gt;]
             [--verbose]
             [--] [&lt;file&gt;&#8230;]</pre>
<div class="attribution">
</div></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Modifies the index. Each file mentioned is updated into the index and
any <em>unmerged</em> or <em>needs updating</em> state is cleared.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>See also <a href="git-add.html">git-add(1)</a> for a more user-friendly way to do some of
the most common operations on the index.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The way <em>git update-index</em> handles files it is told about can be modified
using the various options:</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="dlist"><dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--add
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        If a specified file isn&#8217;t in the index already then it&#8217;s
        added.
        Default behaviour is to ignore new files.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--remove
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        If a specified file is in the index but is missing then it&#8217;s
        removed.
        Default behavior is to ignore removed files.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--refresh
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Looks at the current index and checks to see if merges or
        updates are needed by checking stat() information.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-q
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Quiet.  If --refresh finds that the index needs an update, the
        default behavior is to error out.  This option makes
        <em>git update-index</em> continue anyway.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--ignore-submodules
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Do not try to update submodules.  This option is only respected
        when passed before --refresh.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--unmerged
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        If --refresh finds unmerged changes in the index, the default
        behavior is to error out.  This option makes <em>git update-index</em>
        continue anyway.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--ignore-missing
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Ignores missing files during a --refresh
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--cacheinfo &lt;mode&gt;,&lt;object&gt;,&lt;path&gt;
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--cacheinfo &lt;mode&gt; &lt;object&gt; &lt;path&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Directly insert the specified info into the index.  For
        backward compatibility, you can also give these three
        arguments as three separate parameters, but new users are
        encouraged to use a single-parameter form.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--index-info
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Read index information from stdin.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--chmod=(+|-)x
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Set the execute permissions on the updated files.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--[no-]assume-unchanged
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        When this flag is specified, the object names recorded
        for the paths are not updated.  Instead, this option
        sets/unsets the "assume unchanged" bit for the
        paths.  When the "assume unchanged" bit is on, the user
        promises not to change the file and allows Git to assume
        that the working tree file matches what is recorded in
        the index.  If you want to change the working tree file,
        you need to unset the bit to tell Git.  This is
        sometimes helpful when working with a big project on a
        filesystem that has a very slow lstat(2) system call
        (e.g. cifs).
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Git will fail (gracefully) in case it needs to modify this file
in the index e.g. when merging in a commit;
thus, in case the assumed-untracked file is changed upstream,
you will need to handle the situation manually.</p></div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--really-refresh
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Like <code>--refresh</code>, but checks stat information unconditionally,
        without regard to the "assume unchanged" setting.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--[no-]skip-worktree
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        When one of these flags is specified, the object names recorded
        for the paths are not updated. Instead, these options
        set and unset the "skip-worktree" bit for the paths. See
        section "Skip-worktree bit" below for more information.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--[no-]ignore-skip-worktree-entries
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Do not remove skip-worktree (AKA "index-only") entries even when
        the <code>--remove</code> option was specified.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--[no-]fsmonitor-valid
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        When one of these flags is specified, the object names recorded
        for the paths are not updated. Instead, these options
        set and unset the "fsmonitor valid" bit for the paths. See
        section "File System Monitor" below for more information.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-g
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--again
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Runs <em>git update-index</em> itself on the paths whose index
        entries are different from those of the <code>HEAD</code> commit.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--unresolve
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Restores the <em>unmerged</em> or <em>needs updating</em> state of a
        file during a merge if it was cleared by accident.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--info-only
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Do not create objects in the object database for all
        &lt;file&gt; arguments that follow this flag; just insert
        their object IDs into the index.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--force-remove
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Remove the file from the index even when the working directory
        still has such a file. (Implies --remove.)
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--replace
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        By default, when a file <code>path</code> exists in the index,
        <em>git update-index</em> refuses an attempt to add <code>path/file</code>.
        Similarly if a file <code>path/file</code> exists, a file <code>path</code>
        cannot be added.  With --replace flag, existing entries
        that conflict with the entry being added are
        automatically removed with warning messages.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--stdin
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Instead of taking a list of paths from the command line,
        read a list of paths from the standard input.  Paths are
        separated by LF (i.e. one path per line) by default.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--verbose
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Report what is being added and removed from the index.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--index-version &lt;n&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Write the resulting index out in the named on-disk format version.
        Supported versions are 2, 3, and 4. The current default version is 2
        or 3, depending on whether extra features are used, such as
        <code>git add -N</code>.  With <code>--verbose</code>, also report the version the index
        file uses before and after this command.
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Version 4 performs a simple pathname compression that reduces index
size by 30%-50% on large repositories, which results in faster load
time.  Git supports it since version 1.8.0, released in October 2012,
and support for it was added to libgit2 in 2016 and to JGit in 2020.
Older versions of this manual page called it "relatively young", but
it should be considered mature technology these days.</p></div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--show-index-version
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Report the index format version used by the on-disk index file.
        See <code>--index-version</code> above.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
-z
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Only meaningful with <code>--stdin</code> or <code>--index-info</code>; paths are
        separated with NUL character instead of LF.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--split-index
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--no-split-index
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Enable or disable split index mode. If split-index mode is
        already enabled and <code>--split-index</code> is given again, all
        changes in $GIT_DIR/index are pushed back to the shared index
        file.
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>These options take effect whatever the value of the <code>core.splitIndex</code>
configuration variable (see <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>). But a warning is
emitted when the change goes against the configured value, as the
configured value will take effect next time the index is read and this
will remove the intended effect of the option.</p></div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--untracked-cache
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--no-untracked-cache
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Enable or disable untracked cache feature. Please use
        <code>--test-untracked-cache</code> before enabling it.
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>These options take effect whatever the value of the <code>core.untrackedCache</code>
configuration variable (see <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>). But a warning is
emitted when the change goes against the configured value, as the
configured value will take effect next time the index is read and this
will remove the intended effect of the option.</p></div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--test-untracked-cache
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Only perform tests on the working directory to make sure
        untracked cache can be used. You have to manually enable
        untracked cache using <code>--untracked-cache</code> or
        <code>--force-untracked-cache</code> or the <code>core.untrackedCache</code>
        configuration variable afterwards if you really want to use
        it. If a test fails the exit code is 1 and a message
        explains what is not working as needed, otherwise the exit
        code is 0 and OK is printed.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--force-untracked-cache
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Same as <code>--untracked-cache</code>. Provided for backwards
        compatibility with older versions of Git where
        <code>--untracked-cache</code> used to imply <code>--test-untracked-cache</code> but
        this option would enable the extension unconditionally.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--fsmonitor
</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--no-fsmonitor
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Enable or disable files system monitor feature. These options
        take effect whatever the value of the <code>core.fsmonitor</code>
        configuration variable (see <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>). But a warning
        is emitted when the change goes against the configured value, as
        the configured value will take effect next time the index is
        read and this will remove the intended effect of the option.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
--
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Do not interpret any more arguments as options.
</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">
&lt;file&gt;
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
        Files to act on.
        Note that files beginning with <em>.</em> are discarded. This includes
        <code>./file</code> and <code>dir/./file</code>. If you don&#8217;t want this, then use
        cleaner names.
        The same applies to directories ending <em>/</em> and paths with <em>//</em>
</p>
</dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_using_refresh">USING --REFRESH</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p><code>--refresh</code> does not calculate a new sha1 file or bring the index
up to date for mode/content changes. But what it <strong>does</strong> do is to
"re-match" the stat information of a file with the index, so that you
can refresh the index for a file that hasn&#8217;t been changed but where
the stat entry is out of date.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For example, you&#8217;d want to do this after doing a <em>git read-tree</em>, to link
up the stat index details with the proper files.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_using_cacheinfo_or_info_only">USING --CACHEINFO OR --INFO-ONLY</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p><code>--cacheinfo</code> is used to register a file that is not in the
current working directory.  This is useful for minimum-checkout
merging.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>To pretend you have a file at path with mode and sha1, say:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>$ git update-index --add --cacheinfo &lt;mode&gt;,&lt;sha1&gt;,&lt;path&gt;</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><code>--info-only</code> is used to register files without placing them in the object
database.  This is useful for status-only repositories.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Both <code>--cacheinfo</code> and <code>--info-only</code> behave similarly: the index is updated
but the object database isn&#8217;t.  <code>--cacheinfo</code> is useful when the object is
in the database but the file isn&#8217;t available locally.  <code>--info-only</code> is
useful when the file is available, but you do not wish to update the
object database.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_using_index_info">USING --INDEX-INFO</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p><code>--index-info</code> is a more powerful mechanism that lets you feed
multiple entry definitions from the standard input, and designed
specifically for scripts.  It can take inputs of three formats:</p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
mode SP type SP sha1          TAB path
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This format is to stuff <code>git ls-tree</code> output into the index.</p></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>
mode         SP sha1 SP stage TAB path
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This format is to put higher order stages into the
index file and matches <em>git ls-files --stage</em> output.</p></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>
mode         SP sha1          TAB path
</p>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This format is no longer produced by any Git command, but is
and will continue to be supported by <code>update-index --index-info</code>.</p></div>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>To place a higher stage entry to the index, the path should
first be removed by feeding a mode=0 entry for the path, and
then feeding necessary input lines in the third format.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For example, starting with this index:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>$ git ls-files -s
100644 8a1218a1024a212bb3db30becd860315f9f3ac52 0       frotz</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>you can feed the following input to <code>--index-info</code>:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>$ git update-index --index-info
0 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000      frotz
100644 8a1218a1024a212bb3db30becd860315f9f3ac52 1       frotz
100755 8a1218a1024a212bb3db30becd860315f9f3ac52 2       frotz</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The first line of the input feeds 0 as the mode to remove the
path; the SHA-1 does not matter as long as it is well formatted.
Then the second and third line feeds stage 1 and stage 2 entries
for that path.  After the above, we would end up with this:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>$ git ls-files -s
100644 8a1218a1024a212bb3db30becd860315f9f3ac52 1       frotz
100755 8a1218a1024a212bb3db30becd860315f9f3ac52 2       frotz</code></pre>
</div></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_using_8220_assume_unchanged_8221_bit">USING &#8220;ASSUME UNCHANGED&#8221; BIT</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Many operations in Git depend on your filesystem to have an
efficient <code>lstat(2)</code> implementation, so that <code>st_mtime</code>
information for working tree files can be cheaply checked to see
if the file contents have changed from the version recorded in
the index file.  Unfortunately, some filesystems have
inefficient <code>lstat(2)</code>.  If your filesystem is one of them, you
can set "assume unchanged" bit to paths you have not changed to
cause Git not to do this check.  Note that setting this bit on a
path does not mean Git will check the contents of the file to
see if it has changed&#8201;&#8212;&#8201;it makes Git to omit any checking and
assume it has <strong>not</strong> changed.  When you make changes to working
tree files, you have to explicitly tell Git about it by dropping
"assume unchanged" bit, either before or after you modify them.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>In order to set "assume unchanged" bit, use <code>--assume-unchanged</code>
option.  To unset, use <code>--no-assume-unchanged</code>. To see which files
have the "assume unchanged" bit set, use <code>git ls-files -v</code>
(see <a href="git-ls-files.html">git-ls-files(1)</a>).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The command looks at <code>core.ignorestat</code> configuration variable.  When
this is true, paths updated with <code>git update-index paths...</code> and
paths updated with other Git commands that update both index and
working tree (e.g. <em>git apply --index</em>, <em>git checkout-index -u</em>,
and <em>git read-tree -u</em>) are automatically marked as "assume
unchanged".  Note that "assume unchanged" bit is <strong>not</strong> set if
<code>git update-index --refresh</code> finds the working tree file matches
the index (use <code>git update-index --really-refresh</code> if you want
to mark them as "assume unchanged").</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Sometimes users confuse the assume-unchanged bit with the
skip-worktree bit.  See the final paragraph in the "Skip-worktree bit"
section below for an explanation of the differences.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>To update and refresh only the files already checked out:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>$ git checkout-index -n -f -a &amp;&amp; git update-index --ignore-missing --refresh</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="dlist"><dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">
On an inefficient filesystem with <code>core.ignorestat</code> set
</dt>
<dd>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>$ git update-index --really-refresh              <b>&lt;1&gt;</b>
$ git update-index --no-assume-unchanged foo.c   <b>&lt;2&gt;</b>
$ git diff --name-only                           <b>&lt;3&gt;</b>
$ edit foo.c
$ git diff --name-only                           <b>&lt;4&gt;</b>
M foo.c
$ git update-index foo.c                         <b>&lt;5&gt;</b>
$ git diff --name-only                           <b>&lt;6&gt;</b>
$ edit foo.c
$ git diff --name-only                           <b>&lt;7&gt;</b>
$ git update-index --no-assume-unchanged foo.c   <b>&lt;8&gt;</b>
$ git diff --name-only                           <b>&lt;9&gt;</b>
M foo.c</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="colist arabic"><ol>
<li>
<p>
forces lstat(2) to set "assume unchanged" bits for paths that match index.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
mark the path to be edited.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
this does lstat(2) and finds index matches the path.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
this does lstat(2) and finds index does <strong>not</strong> match the path.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
registering the new version to index sets "assume unchanged" bit.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
and it is assumed unchanged.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
even after you edit it.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
you can tell about the change after the fact.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
now it checks with lstat(2) and finds it has been changed.
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
</dd>
</dl></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_skip_worktree_bit">SKIP-WORKTREE BIT</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Skip-worktree bit can be defined in one (long) sentence: Tell git to
avoid writing the file to the working directory when reasonably
possible, and treat the file as unchanged when it is not
present in the working directory.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Note that not all git commands will pay attention to this bit, and
some only partially support it.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The update-index flags and the read-tree capabilities relating to the
skip-worktree bit predated the introduction of the
<a href="git-sparse-checkout.html">git-sparse-checkout(1)</a> command, which provides a much easier
way to configure and handle the skip-worktree bits.  If you want to
reduce your working tree to only deal with a subset of the files in
the repository, we strongly encourage the use of
<a href="git-sparse-checkout.html">git-sparse-checkout(1)</a> in preference to the low-level
update-index and read-tree primitives.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The primary purpose of the skip-worktree bit is to enable sparse
checkouts, i.e. to have working directories with only a subset of
paths present.  When the skip-worktree bit is set, Git commands (such
as <code>switch</code>, <code>pull</code>, <code>merge</code>) will avoid writing these files.
However, these commands will sometimes write these files anyway in
important cases such as conflicts during a merge or rebase.  Git
commands will also avoid treating the lack of such files as an
intentional deletion; for example <code>git add -u</code> will not stage a
deletion for these files and <code>git commit -a</code> will not make a commit
deleting them either.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Although this bit looks similar to assume-unchanged bit, its goal is
different.  The assume-unchanged bit is for leaving the file in the
working tree but having Git omit checking it for changes and presuming
that the file has not been changed (though if it can determine without
stat&#8217;ing the file that it has changed, it is free to record the
changes).  skip-worktree tells Git to ignore the absence of the file,
avoid updating it when possible with commands that normally update
much of the working directory (e.g. <code>checkout</code>, <code>switch</code>, <code>pull</code>,
etc.), and not have its absence be recorded in commits.  Note that in
sparse checkouts (setup by <code>git sparse-checkout</code> or by configuring
core.sparseCheckout to true), if a file is marked as skip-worktree in
the index but is found in the working tree, Git will clear the
skip-worktree bit for that file.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_split_index">SPLIT INDEX</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>This mode is designed for repositories with very large indexes, and
aims at reducing the time it takes to repeatedly write these indexes.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>In this mode, the index is split into two files, $GIT_DIR/index and
$GIT_DIR/sharedindex.&lt;SHA-1&gt;. Changes are accumulated in
$GIT_DIR/index, the split index, while the shared index file contains
all index entries and stays unchanged.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>All changes in the split index are pushed back to the shared index
file when the number of entries in the split index reaches a level
specified by the splitIndex.maxPercentChange config variable (see
<a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Each time a new shared index file is created, the old shared index
files are deleted if their modification time is older than what is
specified by the splitIndex.sharedIndexExpire config variable (see
<a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>To avoid deleting a shared index file that is still used, its
modification time is updated to the current time every time a new split
index based on the shared index file is either created or read from.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_untracked_cache">UNTRACKED CACHE</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>This cache is meant to speed up commands that involve determining
untracked files such as <code>git status</code>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This feature works by recording the mtime of the working tree
directories and then omitting reading directories and stat calls
against files in those directories whose mtime hasn&#8217;t changed. For
this to work the underlying operating system and file system must
change the <code>st_mtime</code> field of directories if files in the directory
are added, modified or deleted.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>You can test whether the filesystem supports that with the
<code>--test-untracked-cache</code> option. The <code>--untracked-cache</code> option used
to implicitly perform that test in older versions of Git, but that&#8217;s
no longer the case.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If you want to enable (or disable) this feature, it is easier to use
the <code>core.untrackedCache</code> configuration variable (see
<a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>) than using the <code>--untracked-cache</code> option to
<code>git update-index</code> in each repository, especially if you want to do so
across all repositories you use, because you can set the configuration
variable to <code>true</code> (or <code>false</code>) in your <code>$HOME/.gitconfig</code> just once
and have it affect all repositories you touch.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>When the <code>core.untrackedCache</code> configuration variable is changed, the
untracked cache is added to or removed from the index the next time a
command reads the index; while when <code>--[no-|force-]untracked-cache</code>
are used, the untracked cache is immediately added to or removed from
the index.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Before 2.17, the untracked cache had a bug where replacing a directory
with a symlink to another directory could cause it to incorrectly show
files tracked by git as untracked. See the "status: add a failing test
showing a core.untrackedCache bug" commit to git.git. A workaround for
that is (and this might work for other undiscovered bugs in the
future):</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><code>$ git -c core.untrackedCache=false status</code></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This bug has also been shown to affect non-symlink cases of replacing
a directory with a file when it comes to the internal structures of
the untracked cache, but no case has been reported where this resulted in
wrong "git status" output.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>There are also cases where existing indexes written by git versions
before 2.17 will reference directories that don&#8217;t exist anymore,
potentially causing many "could not open directory" warnings to be
printed on "git status". These are new warnings for existing issues
that were previously silently discarded.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>As with the bug described above the solution is to one-off do a "git
status" run with <code>core.untrackedCache=false</code> to flush out the leftover
bad data.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_file_system_monitor">FILE SYSTEM MONITOR</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>This feature is intended to speed up git operations for repos that have
large working directories.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>It enables git to work together with a file system monitor (see
<a href="git-fsmonitor&#45;&#45;daemon.html">git-fsmonitor&#45;&#45;daemon(1)</a>
and the
"fsmonitor-watchman" section of <a href="githooks.html">githooks(5)</a>) that can
inform it as to what files have been modified. This enables git to avoid
having to lstat() every file to find modified files.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>When used in conjunction with the untracked cache, it can further improve
performance by avoiding the cost of scanning the entire working directory
looking for new files.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If you want to enable (or disable) this feature, it is easier to use
the <code>core.fsmonitor</code> configuration variable (see
<a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>) than using the <code>--fsmonitor</code> option to <code>git
update-index</code> in each repository, especially if you want to do so
across all repositories you use, because you can set the configuration
variable in your <code>$HOME/.gitconfig</code> just once and have it affect all
repositories you touch.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>When the <code>core.fsmonitor</code> configuration variable is changed, the
file system monitor is added to or removed from the index the next time
a command reads the index. When <code>--[no-]fsmonitor</code> are used, the file
system monitor is immediately added to or removed from the index.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_configuration">CONFIGURATION</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>The command honors <code>core.filemode</code> configuration variable.  If
your repository is on a filesystem whose executable bits are
unreliable, this should be set to <em>false</em> (see <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>).
This causes the command to ignore differences in file modes recorded
in the index and the file mode on the filesystem if they differ only on
executable bit.   On such an unfortunate filesystem, you may
need to use <em>git update-index --chmod=</em>.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Quite similarly, if <code>core.symlinks</code> configuration variable is set
to <em>false</em> (see <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>), symbolic links are checked out
as plain files, and this command does not modify a recorded file mode
from symbolic link to regular file.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The command looks at <code>core.ignorestat</code> configuration variable.  See
<em>Using "assume unchanged" bit</em> section above.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The command also looks at <code>core.trustctime</code> configuration variable.
It can be useful when the inode change time is regularly modified by
something outside Git (file system crawlers and backup systems use
ctime for marking files processed) (see <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>).</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The untracked cache extension can be enabled by the
<code>core.untrackedCache</code> configuration variable (see
<a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>).</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_notes">NOTES</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Users often try to use the assume-unchanged and skip-worktree bits
to tell Git to ignore changes to files that are tracked.  This does not
work as expected, since Git may still check working tree files against
the index when performing certain operations.  In general, Git does not
provide a way to ignore changes to tracked files, so alternate solutions
are recommended.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For example, if the file you want to change is some sort of config file,
the repository can include a sample config file that can then be copied
into the ignored name and modified.  The repository can even include a
script to treat the sample file as a template, modifying and copying it
automatically.</p></div>
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</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p><a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>,
<a href="git-add.html">git-add(1)</a>,
<a href="git-ls-files.html">git-ls-files(1)</a></p></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
<div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated
 2025-06-13 22:14:31 UTC
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